Genetic diversity and multilocation field performance of mung bean (Vigna radiata) accessions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71336/jabs.1551Keywords:
Agronomic traits, cluster analysis, genetic diversity, mung bean (Vigna radiata), principal components analysisAbstract
Genetic diversity provides the necessary accessions needed for breeding programs that aim to develop varieties that are more resilient to biotic and abiotic stress, have higher yields and can adapt to changing climates. Twenty-one selected mung bean accessions were assessed for their field performance, genetic relationships and potential for agricultural improvement. The study was carried out at Ife, Ilora and Ballah in the 2023 cropping season. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used for the experiments at each site. Agronomic, yield, pest and viral disease rating data were collected and analyzed. The location effects were highly significant for all traits. Significant differences were also observed for key agronomic traits including days to 50% flowering and podding, viral severity, insect rating, pod length, and terminal leaf length. Accession TVr-83 had the longest days to 50% flowering and podding. TVr-52 was the most susceptible accession to viral infection and TVr-42 was the most resistant line for pod borer rating. Cluster analysis grouped the accessions into four clusters. Cluster 3, consisting only of TVr-65, exhibited the highest pod weight, while Cluster 4 combined moderate maturity with relatively high yield potential. Principal component analysis revealed that days to 50% senescence, pod weight, and flowering and podding times were major contributors to variation. The findings highlight the presence of useful genetic variability among the accessions, with implications for breeding programs aimed at improving yield, pest resistance, and adaptation.
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